ROSEMARY M. COLLYER, District Judge.
After prevailing in an administrative action under the Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act and the Individuals with Disabilities in Education Improvement Act (collectively "IDEA"), 20 U.S.C. § 1400 et seq., Trinetta McClam and her son, N.M., brought this suit seeking attorney's fees and costs. Plaintiffs have now filed a motion for summary judgment; the District of Columbia opposes and seeks entry of judgment, arguing, inter alia, that the attorney's billing rate is excessive. As explained below, the motion for summary judgment will be granted in part and denied in part.
Ms. McClam is the parent of a minor child, N.M. As provided for by the IDEA, she pursued a free appropriate education for her disabled child. On October 27 and 28 and November 12, 2009, an administrative due process hearing was held concerning N.M.'s special education needs. The District concedes that Ms. McClam and N.M. were the prevailing parties in that proceeding. See Opp'n [Dkt. # 9] at 1.
Under 20 U.S.C. § 1415(i)(3)(B), a court may award attorney's fees to a parent who prevails in an IDEA proceeding. Thus, Plaintiffs submitted a petition for attorney's fees and costs to the District in the
The District did not pay the full amount of the invoices because it deleted amounts attributable to the period before the underlying August 13, 2009 due process complaint filing and after the November 22, 2009 Hearing Officer's Determination ("HOD"). The District reduced the amounts further by discounting the attorney's hourly rate from $400 and $450 per hour to $300 per hour through December 9, 2009 and to $400 per hour thereafter and by discounting the photocopying charge from $0.25 per page to $0.15 per page. The District also refused to pay mileage and fax charges.
Because the District did not pay the full amount of attorney's fees and costs submitted, Plaintiff brought suit seeking the remainder of the amounts invoiced, i.e., $13,150.36. Plaintiffs now move for summary judgment. The District filed an opposition, asking that Plaintiffs' motion be denied and seeking entry of judgment for defendant. See Opp'n at 2, 12. Because the District seeks entry of judgment, the Court treats the Opposition as a cross motion for summary judgment. The cross motions for summary judgment will be granted in part and denied in part.
Under Rule 56 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, summary judgment shall be granted "if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgement as a matter of law." Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(a); accord Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 247, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). Moreover, summary judgment is properly granted against a party who "after adequate time for discovery and upon motion... fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial." Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986).
In ruling on a motion for summary judgment, the court must draw all justifiable inferences in the nonmoving party's favor and accept the nonmoving party's evidence as true. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 255, 106 S.Ct. 2505. A nonmoving party, however, must establish more than "the mere existence of a scintilla of evidence" in support of its position. Id. at 252, 106 S.Ct. 2505. In addition, the nonmoving party may not rely solely on allegations or conclusory statements. Greene v. Dalton, 164 F.3d 671, 675 (D.C.Cir.1999). Rather, the nonmoving party must present specific facts that would enable a reasonable jury to find in its favor. Id. at 675. If the evidence "is merely colorable, or is not significantly probative, summary judgment may be granted." Anderson, 477 U.S. at 249-50, 106 S.Ct. 2505 (citations omitted).
The IDEA authorizes an award of attorney's fees to a prevailing party who is the parent of a child with a disability. 20 U.S.C. § 1415(i)(3)(B). Attorney's fees "shall be based on rates prevailing in the community in which the action or proceeding arose for the kind and quality of services
The determination of a market rate is "inherently difficult" and is decided by the court in its discretion. Blum, 465 U.S. at 896 n. 11, 104 S.Ct. 1541. "To inform and assist the court in the exercise of its discretion, the burden is on the fee applicant to produce satisfactory evidence—in addition to the attorney's own affidavits—that the requested rates are in line with those prevailing in the community for similar services by lawyers of reasonably comparable skill, experience and reputation." Id. "[A]n attorney's usual billing rate is presumptively the reasonable rate, provided that this rate is in line with those prevailing in the community for similar services...." Kattan by Thomas v. District of Columbia, 995 F.2d 274, 278 (D.C.Cir.1993).
Here, Plaintiffs seek reimbursement from the District of Columbia for legal services rendered by the law firm of Jester and Williams, as set forth in two invoices. See Pls.' Mot., Exs. 2 & 4. The attorney assigned to this case was Elizabeth Jester, who has more than 20 years experience in litigating IDEA cases. See Pl.'s Mot., Decl. of Elizabeth Jester ("Jester Decl.") [Dkt. # 8-3]. Her billing rate was $400 per hour for work performed in 2008 and 2009 and $450 per hour thereafter. Id. ¶ 9.
Plaintiffs contend that the rates of $400 and $450 per hour for the services of Ms. Jester are reasonable because they are below the rate set forth on the Laffey Matrix.
The District objects to the application of Laffey rates because this IDEA litigation was not complex federal litigation and was, therefore, not the type of litigation addressed by Laffey. The District discounted Plaintiffs' request for fees at the rate of $400 per hour for work performed in 2008 and 2009 and $450 per hour thereafter; instead, the District paid an hourly rate of $300 per hour through December 9, 2009 and $400 per hour thereafter.
Federal district courts in this circuit disagree whether Laffey rates should be applied in IDEA cases. Some district courts have awarded fees in IDEA cases at Laffey rates. See, e.g., Jackson v. Dist. of Columbia, 696 F.Supp.2d 97, 102 (D.D.C. 2010) (collecting cases awarding fees at Laffey rates); Cox v. Dist. of Columbia, 754 F.Supp.2d 66, 75-76 (D.D.C.2010) (same). In Cox, the court found that the administrative proceeding was complex, noting that it involved the admission of sixty-five exhibits, the testimony of four witnesses, and written closing statements. Id. at 76.
In contrast, other courts have declined to award the maximum rates set forth in the Laffey Matrix. In these cases, the courts have found that the IDEA case in question was not complex. In Agapito v. Dist. of Columbia, 525 F.Supp.2d 150 (D.D.C.2007), this Court declined to apply Laffey rates to relatively simple and straightforward IDEA cases, describing the type of straightforward preparation ordinarily required for an IDEA due process hearing:
525 F.Supp.2d at 152. In Rooths, the district court similarly noted that most IDEA litigation is not complicated:
Rooths, 802 F.Supp.2d at 62-63, 2011 WL 3529292 at *6; accord Wilson v. Dist. of Columbia, 777 F.Supp.2d 123, 127 (D.D.C. 2011) (Laffey rates are not generally applicable to IDEA cases because they are not usually complex); see Muldrow v. Re-Direct, Inc., 397 F.Supp.2d 1, 4-5 (D.D.C. 2005) (refusing to apply high-end fees of Laffey to a straightforward negligence suit).
The District has established its own guidelines for hourly rates for IDEA lawyers in the District of Columbia. Under
Here, Plaintiffs argue that this particular IDEA case was, in fact, complex. The due process hearing took three days. In preparation for the hearing, Plaintiffs listed 36 exhibits and 10 witnesses, and the District listed 20 exhibits and 10 witnesses.
The District also subtracted charges for work dated before the filing of the due process complaint on August 13, 2009, and charges for work dated after the filing of the HOD on November 22, 2009. Plaintiffs have demonstrated that all such charges are related to the underlying litigation and are chargeable to the District. The first entry on the first invoice is dated April 2, 2009, and involved Ms. Jester's contact with an expert, A. Booker, Ph.D. See Pls.' Mot., Ex. 2 [Dkt. # 8-6] (invoice dated Dec. 30, 2009) at 2. Ms. Jester asked Dr. Booker to review the file in anticipation of his testimony at the due process hearing. Thereafter, Dr. Booker reviewed the records and observed N.M. at Prospect Learning Center, his educational placement at the time. Ms. Jester consulted with Dr. Booker several times and then decided to file the due process complaint. Dr. Booker later testified at the administrative hearing. The charges after November 22, 2009 reflect time Ms. Jester spent ensuring that the District complied with the HOD. Ms. Jester followed up with the District to make sure that N.M.'s placement at the non-public school took place and that transportation was provided. Ms. Jester also coordinated and attended the IEP meeting ordered by the Hearing Officer to ensure that the District complied with the HOD requirement for assistive technology. For these reasons, the District will be required to pay attorney's fees for the entries on the invoices that are before August 13, 2009 and after November 22, 2009.
The District discounted the per page rate for copying to $0.15 per page and refused to pay mileage and fax charges. Costs for copying, faxing, and
Even so, Ms. McClam seeks recovery for copying and faxing at an excessive rate—$0.25 per page. In Holway, the defendant sought reimbursement for copying costs at the rate of $0.25 per page. Holway, 522 F.Supp.2d at 20. The plaintiff objected, asserting that Kinko's rate in the District of Columbia was $0.10 per page. The defendant then agreed that $0.25 per page was excessive and instead sought $0.12 per page for copies that it made at its law firm. Id. The district court found the $0.12 per page rate was reasonable. Id. at 20-21. The defendant also sought the copying cost of bound and tabbed trial exhibits at the rate of $0.14 per page. The trial exhibits were copied by an outside vendor, who characterized the job as a "medium" handling job, not a "light" handling job. The court also found the $0.14 rate to be reasonable. Id. at 21; see Bryant v. CIA, 742 F.Supp.2d 90, 92 n. 1 (D.D.C.2010) (in a FOIA case, the CIA charged $0.10 per page, after the first 100 pages); Interfaith Cmty., Org. v. Honeywell Int'l, Inc., 426 F.3d 694, 717 (3d Cir. 2005) (vacating an award of costs in part because the district court approved without explanation copying costs of $0.20 per page; noting that the Fed Ex/Kinko's rate was $0.07 per page for bulk copying; and remanding for further consideration). The rate of $0.25 per page for copying is excessive. The District of Columbia reimbursed Ms. McClam at the rate of $0.15 per page, and the Court deems this rate to be reasonable. The District shall pay facimile costs at the same rate, $0.15 per page.
Plaintiffs also seek prejudgment interest on the award of attorney's fees. Plaintiffs rely on D.C.Code § 15-108, which provides:
D.C.Code § 15-108. This was not a suit to recover a "liquidated debt," but instead was one to establish liability for, and the amount of, attorney's fees and costs. See Burke v. Groover, Christie & Merritt, P.C., 26 A.3d 292, 303-04 (D.C.2011) (finding that D.C.Code § 15-108 did not apply to a suit to establish tort liability and determine damages); Am. Nat'l Red Cross v. Vinton Roofing Co., Inc., 697 F.Supp.2d 71, 74 (D.D.C.2010) (noting that a "liquidated debt" is "an easily ascertainable sum certain").
The determination of whether prejudgment interest should be awarded is within the discretion of the district court and is subject to equitable considerations. Kaseman, 329 F.Supp.2d at 28. In Kaseman,
The circumstances in Kaseman are vastly different than the circumstances here. Here, the District paid the lion's share of the attorney's fees, reducing the amount on grounds that the Court mostly has found to be reasonable. The request for prejudgment interest will be denied.
Accordingly, Plaintiffs' motion for summary judgment on attorney's fees and costs [Dkt. # 8] will be granted in part and denied in part. Defendant's cross motion, as set forth in its Opposition [Dkt. # 9], also will be granted in part and denied in part.
The District shall be required to pay attorney's fees as set forth on the invoices at the rate of $300 per hour for the period through December 9, 2009 and $400 per hour thereafter. The District shall pay for invoice entries dated before August 13, 2009 and after November 22, 2009; it shall pay fees for facsimile and copying at the rate of $0.15 per page; and it shall pay for mileage. Plaintiffs shall submit a supplemental invoice to the District, which shall set forth only those amounts that remain unpaid and that the Court has required the District to pay pursuant to this Memorandum Opinion. The District shall pay the invoice promptly. A memorializing Order accompanies this Memorandum Opinion.